-
[Objective] To establish the fingerprint detecting standard for RHIZOMA COPTIDIS in Sichuan. [Method] Using berberine hydrochloride as the reference substance, the separation was carried out on a SinoChrom ODS-BP (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with the detection wavelength at 345 nm. Following the injection of sample solution, a gradient elution with methanol-0.1% caproic acid and 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate as mobile phase was initiated at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. [Result] A total of 14 common peaks were found in the chromatogram of RHIZOMA COPTIDIS, the parameter of which met with the stipulation of Chinese Medicine Injection Fingerprint Technical Requirements. [Conclusion] The method is simple and accurate with a good reproducibility and can be used in quality evaluation and variety discrimination of RHIZOMA COPTIDIS in Sichuan.
2012年03期 v.3 1-3页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 133K] [Objective] To study the volatile component in Melissa officinalis L. leaves and to compare the volatile components extracted from M. officinalis leaves by two extraction methods.[Method] The volatile components from M. officinalis extracted by using simultaneous distillation extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction were identified by GC-TOFMS and computer spectrum search.The effects of different extraction methods on volatile components were also compared. [Result] 93 components were separated from M. officinalis leaves by using simultaneous distillation extraction and 41 of them were identified, accounting for about 89.79% of the total content. The most abundant constituent was gerznial (24.54%). 67 components were separated by using simultaneous distillation extraction and 31 of them were identified, accounting for about 92.26% of the total content. The most abundant constituent was palmitic acid (30.80%). [Conclusion] There were significant differences in the volatile components and its relative contents in Melissa officinalis L. leaves by different extraction methods.
2012年03期 v.3 4-7页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 254K] -
[Objective] To determine the Fe(Ⅲ) content in polysaccharide-Fe(Ⅲ) complex of CORTEX MAGNOLIAE OFFICINALIS leaves. [Method] Polysaccharide was extracted from the leaves of CORTEX MAGNOLIAE OFFICINALIS. Under alkaline condition, polysaccharide-Fe(Ⅲ) complex was formed. And the content of Fe(Ⅲ) was determined by UV spectrophotometry. [Result] When the Fe(Ⅲ) content was between 0 and 0.196 7 mg/ml, absorbance and concentration showed good linear relationship (r=0.999 8); the average recovery rate was 98.83% and RSD was 1.60%; Fe(Ⅲ) content in polysaccharide-Fe(Ⅲ) complex of CORTEX MAGNOLIAE OFFICINALIS leaves was 31.42%. [Conclusion] This method was rapid and reliable and could be used for the Fe(Ⅲ) content in polysaccharide-Fe(Ⅲ) complex of CORTEX MAGNOLIAE OFFICINALIS leaves.
2012年03期 v.3 8-9+12页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 153K] [Objective] To determine and compare the contents of plumbagin in the leaves of Plumbago zeylanica L. by different extraction methods, and to select the optimal extraction solvent. [Method] Soxhlet extraction method was adopted; plumbagin in the leaves of P. zeylanica was extracted by different solvents. Its content was detected by HPLC, so as to select the optimal extraction solvent. [Result] Contents of plumbagin extracted by chloroform, petroleum ether (II), 95% ethanol and anhydrous methanol were 0.051 1%, 0.034 1%, 0.023 3% and 0.019 1%, respectively. Content of plumbagin in P. zeylanica extracted by chloroform was the highest. [Conclusion] There were significant differences in the content of plumbagin in P. zeylanica fresh leaves by different extraction solvents.
2012年03期 v.3 10-12页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 151K] -
[Objective] To study the antibacterial activity of chemical constituents in C. nanchuanensis Hsiao. [Method] The chemical constituents were firstly extracted by reflux method, and then respectively extracted by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, the extracts by ethyl acetate were analyzed by silica gel chromatography. Gradient elution was conducted by chloroform-methanol (V/V,10∶0→0∶10), the common compounds were detected by thin-layer chromatography. And antibacterial effects of compounds 3, 4 and 5 were experimentally studied. [Result] Six compounds, including isoferulic acid, ferulic acid, 25-O-acetylcimigenol, cimidahuside C, 12β-hydroxycimigenol and β-sitosterol, were isolated from the dry rhizomes of C. nanchuanensis, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis (IR, MS and NMR). Three of them were cycloartane triterpenoids. [Conclusion]Compounds 1-6 were extracted from RHIZOMA CIMICIFUGAE for the first time. Among them, compounds 3, 4 and 5 showed good antibacterial activities.
2012年03期 v.3 13-14+17页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 97K] [Objective] To establish a method for determination of trace metal elements including Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, Mg and Sr in SEMEN ZIZIPHI SPINOSAE. [Method] Using SEMEN ZIZIPHI SPINOSAE from the north of Shaanxi Province as experiment materials, the content of trace elements was determined by the inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) after digestion with the acid mixture of HNO3+HClO4. The working conditions of ICP-AES were as follows: power of 1.2 kW, He flow of 14 L/min, carrier flow of 0.7 L/min, auxiliary gas flow of 1.2 L/min, spectroscopic temperature of 38 ℃, linear voltage of 104%, low detection height. The wavelength of analytical line was set at 257.610 nm for Mn, 259.940 nm for Fe, 327.396 nm for Cu, 213.856 nm for Zn, 393.366 nm for Ca, 279.553 nm for Mg, and 407.771 nm for Sr. [Result] The content of Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, Mg and Sr in SEMEN ZIZIPHI SPINOSAE was 31.70, 59.86, 8.14, 53.38, 1 358.45, 2 624.80, 13.62 μg/g, respectively. Compared with other areas, the content of trace elements in SEMEN ZIZIPHI SPINOSAE from the north of Shaanxi province was just proper. [Conclusion] ICP-AES is an accurate and reliable method that can be used to determine the content of Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, Mg and Sr in SEMEN ZIZIPHI SPINOSAE.
2012年03期 v.3 15-17页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 91K] -
[Objective] To compare the content of polydatin in artificial cultivated Polygonumcus pidatum Sieb.et Zucc. determined by different methods. [Method] High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) were adopted to determine the content of polydatin in the artificial cultivars of Polygonumcus pidatum Sieb.et Zucc. Then, the linear range, quantitative reproducibility, detection limit and analysis time of the separation between the two methods were comparatively studied. [Result] High-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD) was the optimum method for detecting polydatin in Polygonumcus pidatum Sieb.et Zucc. Following the injection of 10 μl of sample solution, polydatin was separated on a chromatographic column Diamonsil-C18 (250 mm×0.46 mm, 5 μm) with 25% acetonitrile as mobile phase at the column temperature of 25 ℃, and then quantified by fluorescence detection with the excitation wavelength at 334 nm and the emission wavelength at 408 nm. The flow rate of mobile phase was set at 1.0 ml/min. [Conclusion] HPLC is an ideal method to determine the content of polydatin in Polygonumcus pidatum Sieb.et Zucc.
2012年03期 v.3 18-20页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 151K] [Objective] To study the chemical composition of Phyllanthus simplex Retz. leaves. [Method] Compounds in P. simplex leaves were extracted by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and other methods. Compound composition was identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopy methods (UV, IR, NMR, MS). [Result] A total of 4 compounds were extracted from the leaves of P. simplex, which were vanillin (I), β-daucossterol (II), β-sitosterol (III) and rutin (IV). Among them, rutin (IV) was extracted from P. simplex for the first time. [Conclusion] Chemical composition in P. simplex leaves was researched, which provided theoretical references for the development and utilization of P. simplex resources.
2012年03期 v.3 21-22+25页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 95K] -
[Objective] To determine the trace elements in Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. of Kaili. [Method] The contents of five trace elements including Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and Se in Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS). [Result] Different colors of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. from Xiasi of Kaili were rich in Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and Se which were essential to human body, the contents of five trace elements decreased according to the following order Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Se; and the contents of Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn in green Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. were almost twice that in red Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam., Se contents in two samples differed insignificantly and the measured Se contents were all above 0.110 μg/g, therefore Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. belonged to high selenium plants. The recoveries and relative standard deviation (RSD) of these trace elements were among 98.1%-104.2% and 0.01%-2.22%, respectively. [Conclusion] This research provides scientific basis for evaluating the medical value of local Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.
2012年03期 v.3 23-25页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 94K] [Objective] To establish an HPLC method for determining the content of quercetin and kaempferol in male flowers of Corylus heterophylla Fisch. [Method] A HPLC analysis was performed on a Diamonsil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with the detection wavelength at 360 nm. Following the injection of sample solution, an elution with methanol-0.4% phosphoric acid (V/V, 50∶50) as mobile phase was initiated at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. [Result] The quercetin showed a good relationship in the range of 0.022 to 0.658 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery of quercetin was 99.4% with the RSD of 0.73%. The kaempferol showed a good relationship in the range of 0.012 1 to 0.362 0 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery of kaempferol was 100.4% with the RSD of 1.49%. The content of quercetin in C. heterophylla male flower was 0.35 to 0.58 mg/g and that of kaempferol ranged from 0.174 to 0.512 mg/g. [Conclusion] The method is simple and rapid with a good reproducibility, which can be used to determine the content of quercetin and kaempferol in C. heterophylla male flower.
2012年03期 v.3 26-27+37页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 124K] -
[Objective] To determine the content of quercetin in Fufang Luobuma granule. [Method] RP-HPLC was adopted to detect the content. Chromatographic column was Zorbax-C18(250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm); mobile phase was anhydrous methanol-0.5% phosphoric acid (V/V, 50∶ 50); flow rate was 1.0 ml/min; detection wavelength was 370 nm; column temperature was 30 ℃; and injection volume was 10 μl. [Result] The average recovery rate of quercetin was 100.2% and the RSD was 1.94%(n=5). The quercetin content in Fufang Luobuma granule (sugar) was 0.729 5 mg/g, and that in Fufang Luobuma granule (sugar free) was 0.955 mg/g. [Conclusion] This method was simple, accurate, and repeatable, and could be used for the content determination of quercetin in Fufang Luobuma granule.
2012年03期 v.3 28-29+41页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 128K] [Objective] Chemical composition content in volatile oil of Oldham gypsophila was measured by GC-MS analysis, and simultaneous distillation extraction was also adopted. [Method] Volatile oil was extracted from O. gypsophila by simultaneous distillation extraction. Then, extracts were analyzed by GC-MS. Relative contents of the volatile components were determined by peak area normalization. [Result] A total of 61 volatile components were identified. Among them, 2-ethoxy-propane (12.446 5%), (3-methyl-oxiran-2-yl)-methanol (11.878 5%) and 2-methyl-naphthalene (9.358 6%) were the main components constituting volatile components. [Conclusion] This research provided scientific basis for the further development and utilization of O. gypsophila.
2012年03期 v.3 30-32+44页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 135K] -
[Objective] To study the optimum extraction technology of flavonoids from H. cordata leaves and the antimicrobial effect of ethanol extracts from H. cordata leaves. [Method] With 70% ethanol as solvent, L9(34) orthogonal test was designed to optimize the extraction technology of flavonoids from H. cordata leaves. Then, the antimicrobial activity of ethanol extracts from H. cordata leaves against B. polymyxa, E.coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. pombe, S. cerevisiae and A. niger was investigated. [Result] The optimum condition for extracting flavonoids with ethanol was based on twice extraction of each 2 h at 80 ℃ with the solid-liquid ratio of 1∶20 g/ml. Under the above condition, the extraction rate of flavonoids from H. cordata leaves was 4.363%. Ethanol extracts of H. cordata leaves had broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, which was more effective for bacteria than fungus. The minimum inhibitory concentration of H. cordata leaves extracts against B. polymyxa, E.coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. pombe, S. cerevisiae and A. niger was 0.06, 0.06, 0.08, 0.08, 0.1, 0.1 and 0.1 g/ml, respectively. [Conclusion] This study could provide theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of H. cordata leaves.
2012年03期 v.3 33-37页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 285K] [Objective] To investigate the in vitro antibacterial activities of extracts from four mangroves including Sonneratia apetala, S. caseolaris, Heritiera littoralis and Hibiscus tiliscus to six species of common pathogenic bacteria. [Method] The aqueous extracts and ethanol extracts from leaves and stems of the plants were prepared by microwave assisted extraction. The inhibition zone, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by disk diffusion method and broth microdilution method. [Result] The results showed that all extracts of 4 mangroves had no bacteriostatic specificity to the gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. Antibacterial spectrum between aqueous extracts and ethanol extracts against 6 testing bacteria was inconsistent. All aqueous extracts from four kinds of mangroves showed good bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on Staphlococcus aureus (for the MIC and MBC ranging in 2.0-15.6 mg/ml). Aqueous extract from leaves of Heritiera littoralis had bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on Staphyloccocus aureus and Staphyloccocus epidermidis, with bacteriostatic but no bactericidal effect on Salmonella paratyphiod, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. [Conclusion] Heritiera littoralis could be used as a bacteriostatic plant resource for further exploration and utilization.
2012年03期 v.3 38-41页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 127K] -
[Objective] To study the antioxidation of polysaccharides from PERICARPIUM CITRI RETICULATAE. [Methods] Isolation and purification of polysaccharides from PERICARPIUM CITRI RETICULATAE were conducted by water extraction and alcohol sink method. Extraction rate of polysaccharides from PERICARPIUM CITRI RETICULATAE was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. And clearance effect of ·OH was studied by salicylic acid method. [Results] Polysaccharides content in PERICARPIUM CITRI RETICULATAE was 6.32%; polysaccharides from PERICARPIUM CITRI RETICULATAE at different concentrations had clearance effect on ·OH, which was developed by Fenton reaction. With the increase of concentration, the clearance rate gradually enhanced. In other words, there was certain dose-effect relationship between clearance rate and polysaccharides dosage. [Conclusion] Polysaccharides in PERICARPIUM CITRI RETICULATAE had significant antioxidation and had clearance effect on ·OH.
2012年03期 v.3 42-44页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 129K] [Objective] To establish molecular identification method for Ilex asprella var. asprella and relative medicinal plants in the genus Ilex base on ITS2 sequence. [Method] Total DNA was extracted and a pair of universal primers were used for PCR amplification and sequencing of ITS2 region. The sequences of different samples were annotated by HMMer method to acquire ITS2 sequences. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the software MEGA, based upon the multiple alignment of the amplified ITS2 sequences. [Result] 254 bp ITS2 fragment of each species were obtained, and 85 different base sites between species were found. [Conclusion] ITS2 region can be used to identify Ilex asprella var. asprella from relative medicinal plants in the genus Ilex.
2012年03期 v.3 45-48页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 678K] -
[Objective] To study the culture conditions for callus and tube seedlings of Leibnitzia anandria L. [Method] With the flower stalks of L. anandria as explants, the method of tissue culture was adopted to investigate callus induction and differentiation, differentiation and multiplication of adventitious buds, rooting and transplanting of tube seedlings. [Result] MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA +2.5 mg/L 2,4-D was the best medium for induction of callus. The optimum medium for the differentiation of callus as well as the differentiation and multiplication of adventitious buds was MS+0.8 mg/L AgNO3+0.1 mg/L NAA+1.2 mg/L 6-BA; the best rooting culture method of tube seedlings was inoculating the adventitious buds into 1/2MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L after being treated with 1.2 mg/L IAA for 24 h; the average survival rate of transplanting was 92.8% and survival rate of field planting was 97.7%. [Conclusion] The tube seedlings survived retained all botanical characteristics of the wild L. anandria with exuberant growth, and could be used for proliferation.
2012年03期 v.3 49-51页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 88K] [Objective] To study the genetic diversity of Plantago asiatica L. germplasm resource from seven provinces such as Jiangxi Province, Hunan Province and Hubei Province. [Method] ISSR technology was used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 28 copies of Plantago asiatica L. samples. [Result] Sixteen primers that were selected at total forty primers were used to analyze the genetic diversity. 131 strips were amplified, among which 107 strips had polymorphism, accounting for 81.7% of the total amount. ISSR data showed that the scale of diversity point (P) was 75.3%, observed number of alleles was 0.071 3, effective number of alleles was 0.299 0, Nei's gene diversity (H) was 0.360 1, Shannon's Information index (I) was 0.535 4. [Conclusion] The genetic diversity of Plantago asiatica L. germplasm resource had great difference at geography. The wild varieties and cultivated varieties had great difference at gene type.
2012年03期 v.3 52-54+58页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 402K] -
[Objective] To establish the rapid propagation system from the leaves of Liriope spicata (Thunb.) Lour. var. prolifera Y.T.Ma. [Method] Effects of external hormones on the callus formation, adventitious bud differentiation and proliferation, adventitious root formation were explored after the culture of L. spicata tender leaves as explants in MS basal medium with the addition of 6-BA, NAA and GA. [Result] The callus induction rate of L. spicata leaves was more than 20% in the medium of MS+0.1-2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.01-0.5 mg/L NAA. In the medium of MS+0.1-1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.01-0.5 mg/L NAA+0.1-1.0 mg/L GA, the growth and proliferation effects of buds were good, which pointed out that GA could improve the surviving rate of seedlings. The medium of 1/2 MS supplemented with 0.1-0.5 mg/L NAA or 0.1 mg/L IBA or 0.1-0.5 mg/L IAA could make the rooting rate reach 97% during 20 days. If the sprouts were transplanted into the substrate in which the rate between leaf mold and perlite was 5∶ 3, the survival rate could reach over 90%. [Conclusion] The optimum rapid propagation system from leaves was selected, which provided theoretical basis for the development and utilization of L. spicata.
2012年03期 v.3 55-58页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 98K] [Objective] To optimize the extraction process for total flavonoids from Ziqiu Papaya. [Method] Aluminium trichloride reagent was used to detect the total flavonoids in Ziqiu Papaya. On the basis of the single factor test, effects of solid-liquid ratio, ethanol concentration, extraction time, extraction temperature and extraction times on the extraction rate were studied with the content of total flavonoids as the index. [Result] The influence degree of three factors on the extraction rate of total flavononids was in the order of temperature > solid-liquid ratio > ethanol concentration. Among them, temperature and solid-liquid ratio had relatively significant impacts on the extraction rate of total flavononids from Ziqiu Papaya. The optimal extraction process was 50% ethanol concentration, 80 ℃ extraction temperature, 1∶8 (g/ml) solid-liquid ratio, 3 h extraction time, and 4 extraction times. Under this condition, the extraction rate of total flavononids reached 1.348%. [Conclusion] This method was simple convenient, and accurate for the detection of total flavonoids.
2012年03期 v.3 59-61+64页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 322K] -
[Objective] To study the ultrasonic extraction technology of flavonoids from G. biloba leaves. [Method] The flavonoids were first extracted from G. biloba leaves by ultrasonic method in different conditions then identified by UV spectrophotometry. On the basis of single-factor tests, the factors that affected the extraction of flavonoids were optimized. [Result] The optimal parameters for extracting flavonoids from G. biloba leaves were based on the extraction for 90 min at 60 ℃ with 70% ethanol as solvent in the acidic condition (pH=5.0). Moreover, the extraction system oscillated for 3 times of 10 min each time. Under the above conditions, the yield of flavonoids was 0.201 2%. [Conclusion] This study screens out the optimum ultrasonic extraction technology of flavonoids, which could provide theoretical basis for the development and utilization of G. biloba leaves.
2012年03期 v.3 62-64页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 202K] [Objective] To find out the best conditions for extracting celery flavonoids. [Method] With the extraction rate of celery flavonoids as the index, the main impact factors on the extraction rate of flavonoids were obtained through factorial experiment, based on which the steepest ascent experiment was carried out, and then the response surface methodology was adopted to optimize the extraction conditions of celery flavonoids and determine the best extraction conditions. [Result] When ethanol concentration was 80% and extraction temperature was 55 ℃, the extraction rate of celery flavonoids approached the maximum; the best extraction conditions were determined to be 1∶15 (g/ml) of solid-liquid ratio, 81% of ethanol concentration, 3.0 h of extraction time and 57 ℃ of extraction temperature, under these conditions, the extraction rate of flavonoids could reach up to 5.81%. [Conclusion] The method found out the best extraction conditions for celery flavonoids and provided theoretical basis for the deep processing of celery resources.
2012年03期 v.3 65-67+70页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 238K] -
[Objective] To compare the effect of different methods on the extraction of polysaccharides from FRUCTUS MORI. [Method] Taking the yield of polysaccharides as index, the advantage and disadvantage of 3 methods including enzymatic extraction, ultrasonic extraction and a combination of these two processes were compared. And, the extraction process of polysaccharides was optimized by orthogonal test. [Result] The highest yield of polysaccharides was obtained from FRUCTUS MORI by using ultrasonic-enzyme combined method, followed by enzyme-assisted extraction and ultrasonic extraction individually. [Conclusion] Ultrasonic-enzyme method is a high-efficient method to extract polysaccharides from FRUCTUS MORI.
2012年03期 v.3 68-70页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 119K] 下载本期数据