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[Objective] To study the characteristics of seeds dormancy and germination, so as to better understand parasitic growth characteristics of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.. [Method] Seeds germination was respectively induced by the treatment of physical methods (such as water soaking, changing temperature and stratification) and chemical methods (such as hormone and root extracts of Nitraria tangutorum Bobr.). [Result] Seeds of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. were smaller, whose matured embryo developed incompletely that lied in spherical pro-embryo stage all the time before and after germination. Dormancy phenomenon was existed in seeds of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr., the germination of which needed a certain stimulating signal from host roots; the root extracts of Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. may stimulate the seeds germination early; exogenous GA3 could break the seeds dormancy; the process of seeds germination was provided with polymorphism. [Conclusion] The study could provide a theoretical basis for improving parasitic rate of artificial propagation of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr..
2011年01期 v.2 1-4+12页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 174K] [Objective] To discuss the effects of aluminum stress on the stomata characteristics and photosynthesis of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi seedlings, so as to provide a theoretical basis for revealing the aluminum toxicity mechanism on plants. [Method] Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi seedlings at 6 true-leaf stages were treated with different concentrations of aluminum at 0.1, 0.5, 2.0 and 5.0 mmol/L. After 30 days, the leaves were harvested for determining stomata characters including area and density, and photosynthesis indexes such as net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomata conductance. [Results] Aluminum stress could lead to significantly reduce the stomata length, stomata width and stomata area, but stomata density was improved. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomata conductance decreased significantly with the increase in aluminum concentration, but the intercellular CO2 concentration was significantly increased. [Conclusions] It was non-stomata factors that leaded to the restraint of photosynthesis, meanwhile high-concentration aluminum might result in the bad effects on the adaptability of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi to environment.
2011年01期 v.2 5-8页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 245K] -
[Objective] To discuss the biological characteristics and adaptability of Siraitia grosvenorii "Nongqing No.2" in introduction areas. [Method] The biological characteristics and adaptability of Siraitia grosvenorii "Nongqing No.2" in western Hunan were observed. [Result] The growth period of Siraitia grosvenorii "Nongqing No.2" lasts 220 days within a year, which can be divided into young seedling, flowering and withering periods. The flowering of female plants begins from early August and lasts about 110 days, but the pollination period of which only lasts about 30 days. Early November is the harvest time of "Nongqing No.2", and yield rate of which reaches as high as 194 791.5/hm2 with middle and large fruit ratio of 73.4%, besides, the ratio in abundant orchard is over 85.0%. Content of mogroside V and soluble sugar in transplanted "Nongqing No.2" is similar to that in its origin, Guangxi Province. [Conclusion] Under suitable transplanting time and management measures, more economic benefits can be obtained at mid-to-low elevation of Western Hunan.
2011年01期 v.2 9-12页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 155K] [Objective] To solve application amount problem of basal fertilizer for producing HERBA GLECHOMAE. [Method] 4 treatment groups with different amount of basal fertilizer were employed in this study, including A-12 000.0 (CK), B-19 500.0, C-27 000.0 and D-34 500.0 (kg/hm2). Two-thirds of basal fertilizer was applied in the chamber surface prior to transplanting, while the remainder fertilized soil in cote when transplanting. [Results] Along with the increase in application amount of basal fertilizer, growth vigor of HERBA GLECHOMAE was on the rise and chamber was sealed early. Apart from D group (34 500.0 kg/hm2), the petiole long and plant height in maximum leaf of HERBA GLECHOMAE in treatment groups was higher than that in control group A (12 000.0 kg/hm2). The yield of HERBA GLECHOMAE first increased quickly and then the trend became slowly with the arising amount of basal fertilizer, that was, fertilization effect decreased. [Conclusions] Application amount of basal fertilizer at 19 500.0 and 27 000.0 kg/hm2 was more beneficial to the growth of HERBA GLECHOMAE.
2011年01期 v.2 13-15页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 86K] -
In order to resolve the low yields problem of chrysanthemum cultivated in Chuzhou and to promote the development of Chu Ju industry, the method combining survey and interview with sampling analysis was used to carry out the investigation and analysis on the reasons for low yields in the core growing region of Chuzhou chrysanthemum. It showed that low yields of Chuzhou chrysanthemum was mainly due to: low soil fertility, imbalances of soil nutrient supply, poor water conditions, obstacles in continuous cropping and backward technologies of cultivation and management etc.. Attentions should be paid in the next process of planting to several key points as follows: strengthening farmland fundamental construction based on land formation, fertilizing the soil and improving field water systems, scientific use of nutrient resources, promoting the use of bio-organic fertilizers or a reasonable rotation, developing unified scientific cultivation and management technologies according to the rule of the growth and development of Chuzhou chrysanthemum and ecological conditions of planting region.
2011年01期 v.2 16-18页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 84K] [Objective] To explore antioxidative activity of anthocyanins from Northland. [Method] Using anthocyanins from grape seeds and vitamin C as positive control, Fenton reacting system, pyrogallol autoxidation system, linoleic acid system and Prussian blue method were respectively employed to determine OH·scavenging activity,O-2·scavenging activity, inhibitive effect on lipid peroxidation and reducing capacity of anthocyanins from Northland. [Result] Antioxidative activity of anthocyanins from Northland was higher than that in anthocyanins from grape seeds and vitamin C. Anthocyanins from Northland had strong scavenging activities on OH·and O-2·,IC50 of which was 0.345 mg/ml and 34.28 μg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, it was also provided with obvious inhibiting activity on lipid peroxidation and reducing capacity. [Conclusion] Anthocyanins from Northland may be a potential natural medicine with antioxidative activity.
2011年01期 v.2 19-21页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 217K] -
[Objective] To obtain a rapid determination method for arsenic from Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen. [Method] Content of As was determined by heteromolybdoarsenic acid spectrophotometry, and the color-developing conditions were optimized. [Result] The optimum coloration conditions were : color-developing agent amount of 5.0 ml, color developing temperature of 40 ℃ and developing duration of 30 min. When the concentration of standard As Ⅲ solution ranged from 0 to 0.04 μg/ml, the linear relationship between concentration and absorbance was good (r=0.996 6). Arsenic was not detected in all the samples. [Result] High in precision and good in stability, the method can be used as the determination method for As from Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H.Chen.
2011年01期 v.2 22-23+27页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 138K] [Objective] To screen out an optimal macroporous resin, and to study its adsorption and desorption properties to tannin extracted from FRUCTUS CHAENOMELIS, so as to obtain the optimal purification conditions for tannin. [Method] The optimal macroporous resin was screened out by static adsorption experiments. Single factor and orthogonal test were used to optimize the conditions for purifying tannin in the static and dynamic tests. [Result] Macroporous resin HPD-100 showed the highest adsorption capacity. The optimal adsorption conditions were: pH value of 5.0, static adsorption duration of 4 h, flow rate of dynamic adsorption of 2.0 BV/h and the maximum dynamic adsorption volume of 6.0 BV. Under the optimum conditions, the adsorption rate reached as high as 87.90%. The optimal static desorption conditions were as following: eluent pH value of 6.0, eluting duration of 6 h and concentration of eluent of 75%. The best dynamic desorption conditions were as follows: flow rate of 1.0 BV/h, the maximum desorption volume of 1.6 BV. Under the optimum conditions, the dynamic desorption rate was 62.40%. [Conclusion] Provided with good gathering effect to tannin extracted from FRUCTUS CHAENOMELIS, HPD-100 macroporous resin was favorable for the separation and purification of tannin.
2011年01期 v.2 24-27页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 168K] -
[Objective]To study the antibacterial activity of the total flavonoids from HERBA et RHIZOMA STENOLOMAE. [Method]The inhibitory activity of total flavonoids from HERBA et RHIZOMA STENOLOMAE to Escherichia coil, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharmoyces cerevisiae were investigated using Oxford cup method. [Result]The total flavonoids showed some inhibition to Escherichia coil and Bacillus subtilis, especially to the latter, when the concentration of total flavonoids was above 0.384 mg/ml; while it had no inhibitory activity to the two as the concentration was below 0.384 mg/ml. Besides, the total flavonoids presented no inhibition to Saccharmoyces cerevisiae. [Conclusion]The total flavonoids from HERBA et RHIZOMA STENOLOMAE was endowed with certain antibacterial activity.
2011年01期 v.2 28-29+33页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 192K] [Objective] To determine the content of polysaccharide in Tibetan RHIZOMA GASTRODIAE. [Method] Phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetric method was adopted. [Results] Glucose as standard reference, the optimum conditions for the determination of polysaccharide in Tibetan RHIZOMA GASTRODIAE were as follows: 1 ml, 6% phenol, 5 ml sulfuric acid, water bath temperature of 25 ℃. The contents of C6H12O6 in RHIZOMA GASTRODIAE were in the range of 21%-33%, and the average value was 28%, which proved Tibetan RHIZOMA GASTRODIAE was of high nutritional and economic values. [Conclusion] The method adopted in this study was accurate and simple, which was suitable for evaluating the quality of Tibetan RHIZOMA GASTRODIAE.
2011年01期 v.2 30-33页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 468K] -
[Objective] To optimize the extraction technology of oleoresin from Thymus mongolicus Ronn., and study its antimicrobial activity. [Method] Supercritical carbondioxide extraction (SFE-CO2) technique was applied to investigate the effects of extraction pressure, extraction time and extraction temperature on the yield of oleoresin from Thymus mongolicus Ronn.. Then the antimicrobial activity of its extracts was studied. [Result] The optimal extracting conditions of oleoresin were as follows: extraction temperature of 40 ℃, extraction pressure of 25 MPa and extraction time of 4 h. Extracts had antimicrobial activities against 4 indicator strains including Staphyloccocus aureus Rosenbach, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans in varying degrees. [Conclusion] Oleoresin from Thymus mongolicus Ronn. was expected to be used as food preservative or bacteriostat.
2011年01期 v.2 34-36页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 161K] [Objective] To compare the contents of total flavonoids in Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand Mazz. from different habitats. [Method] Contents of total flavonoids in Erigeron breviscapus from nine places were determined by UV method, and subjected to variance analysis. [Result] The highest content of total flavonoids per plant reached 18.539%, and the lowest was 3.563%; the average content of total flavonoids in Erigeron breviscapus was the highest from Mangbang Village of Tengchong County, while that was the lowest from Xueshan Village of Luquan County. There are great differences among the individuals from the same habitat with the largest variation coefficient of 25.6%, and the smallest variation coefficient of 9.7%. Variance analysis (F=19.467,P=0.000 1<0.01) and least significant difference (LSD) multiple comparison proved that there are significant differences of total flavonoids content in Erigeron breviscapus among different habitats. [Conclusion] Content of total flavonoids in Erigeron breviscapus is influenced by both heredity and growth environment, which provides evidence for the selection and breeding of improved Erigeron breviscapus.
2011年01期 v.2 37-39页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 153K] -
[Objective] To explore the anti-fatigue effect of RADIX ET RHIZOMA GINSENG and RADIX NOTOGINSENG extracts in mice, so as to provide reference for further development and application of RADIX ET RHIZOMA GINSENG and RADIX NOTOGINSENG extracts.[Method] Divided into four batches, forty-eight mice in each batch were subdivided into four groups like control group (CK), 50, 100 and 300 mg/kg medicine group. The loaded swimming duration and content of serum urea nitrogen, blood lactate and hepatic glycogen of mice in each test group were determined respectively 30 days later. [Result] In comparison with control group, mice in the group of 100 and 300 mg/kg medicine group were significant longer in loaded swimming duration(P<0.01), and higher in hepatic glycogen(P<0.01; P<0.05), whereas was lower in serum urea nitrogen(P<0.01; P<0.05). Contents of blood lactate in mice given 100 and 300 mg/kg medicine were significantly lower than those in control group after exercise(P<0.01; P<0.05). [Conclusion] RADIX ET RHIZOMA GINSENG and RADIX NOTOGINSENG extracts are provided with efficacy of alleviating physical fatigue.
2011年01期 v.2 40-41+44页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 87K] [Objective] To establish a method for determining the content of diosgenin in Asparagus officinalis byproduct by RP-HPLC. [Methods] The diosgenin content was determined by RP-HPLC, and RP-HPLC conditions were: chromatographic column of SHIMADZU C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), mobile phase of methanol-water with volume ratio of 95∶5, flow rate of 0.8 ml/min, detection wavelength of 204 nm, column temperature of 30 ℃ and sampling volume of 20 μl. [Results] Diosgenin could be separated obviously from the interferential components in the sample. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.2 and 1.0 mg/ml with correlation coefficient of 0.999 7. RSD value of instrument precision and method repeatability was 0.27% and 0.81%, respectively. The average recovery of diosgenin was 99.1%. [Conclusion] RP-HPLC method was suitable for determining the content of diosgenin in Asparagus officinalis byproduct without any derivatization, determination of which was rapid, accurate and reproducible with good separation.
2011年01期 v.2 42-44页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 171K] -
[Objective] To explore protective effects of Lycium barbarum L. polysaccharides component-II (LBP-II) on paraoxon (PO)-induced vascular endothelium dysfunction, and analyze its potential mechanism. [Methods]The human umbilical veins endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to medium containing 3.63 μmol/L PO, and 10 μmol/L LBP-II was used to inhibit damage effect. [Results] Exposure to PO markedly reduced the level of nitric oxide (NO) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), significantly increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in HUVECs cultured medium. However, treatment of LBP-II markedly ameliorated the morphology of HUVECs impaired by PO, while significantly lessened the HUVECs monolayer permeability and cell apoptosis. It was also examined that exposure of LBP-II markedly raised the decreased level of SOD and NO induced by PO, attenuated the increased activity of MDA induced by PO in HUVECs cultured medium. In addition, treatment of 1.0 μmol/L hydrogen peroxide (HA) showed a similar effect to LBP-II on PO-induced damnification. [Conclusion] LBP-II could protect the HUVECs against the PO-induced damnification, beneficial effects of which might be concerned with its antioxidation due to inhibiting the decreased activity of PON1.
2011年01期 v.2 45-48+51页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 363K] [Objective]To obtain the Tamarindus indica L. soft-sweet with unique flavor and stable quality. [Method] The soft sweets were prepared by tamarind, maltose, agar, konjac flour, carrageenan, cane sugar, and the quality of which was determined by sensory evaluation method. Based on single factor test, the recipe was optimized through orthogonal design. [Result]The optimum recipe for tamarind soft-sweets was as follows: 120 g tamarind juice, 200 g maltose, 200 g cane sugar, 1.0 g agar, 9.0 g konjac flour, 4.0 g carrageenan. The soft sweets prepared by the optimum recipe were amber and elastic with unique flavor. [Conclusion] This study provides basis for the further development of Tamarindus indica L..
2011年01期 v.2 49-51页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 80K] -
[Object] To optimize the extraction process of chlorophyll in the leaves of Clausena anisum-olens, and provide basis for the purification of which. [Method] On the basis of single factor test, the extraction process of chlorophyll in the leaves of Clausena anisum-olens was optimized through orthogonal test. [Result]The optimum extraction process was as follows: extraction solvent of 95% alcohol, solid-liquid ratio of 1∶10, extraction temperature of 70 ℃, microwave power of 350 W, extraction duration of 7 min. [Conclusion] The extraction process obtained in this study was simple and efficient, which lays foundation for the further development of chlorophyll in the leaves of Clausena anisum-olens.
2011年01期 v.2 52-53+56页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 167K] [Objective] To optimize the processing technology of preserved fruit from Dioscorea alata. [Method] Dioscorea alata from Hainan was taken as test material and treated with compound color-preserving reagents, then dried by microwave method, blowing method and microwave-blowing method respectively. [Result]The optimum process for the production of high quality preserved fruit of Dioscorea alata was as follows: Dioscorea alata slice in the size of 3.0 cm×5.0 cm×(0.3-0.5)cm, which was treated with compound color-preserving reagent (0.075% VC, 0.300% citric acid and 0.600% common salt) for 4 hours, and soaked in 1.000% citric acid invert sugar solution for 12 h, then blowing dried for 1 h at 70 ℃ and for 9-11 h at 60 ℃, cooled down and vacuum packed (0.08 MPa).[Conclusion] This study provides theoretical basis for the industrialized production and further development of Dioscorea alata.
2011年01期 v.2 54-56页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 88K] -
[Objective] To obtain the dynamic models of mogroside extraction process from Momordica grosvenori. [Method] Effects of ultrasonic-assisted and normal methods on the extraction result were compared, and the results were verified by two ultrasonic dynamic models and one normal dynamic model. [Result] The yield rate of mogroside was higher with ultrasonic method, and which was in accordance with kinetic equation lnC=rlnt+λ; besides, the result of normal method was identical with equation ln(C∞/(C∞-C))=Kt+ln(C∞/(C∞-C0)) [Conclusion] The excessive ultrasonic frequency and extraction temperature would make the extraction process out of dynamic control.
2011年01期 v.2 57-59页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 252K] [Objective] To optimize the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid conditions for extracting zingerone in ginger oleoresin from Zingiber officinale Rosc., so as to provide basis for the further development and application of Zingiber officinale Rosc.. [Method] The extraction conditions were optimized by single factor test, and the data were subjected to analysis of variance by general liner model (GLM)in software SPSS. [Result] The optimum extracting conditions were as follows: pressure of 25 MPa, temperature of 45 ℃ and extraction duration of 150 min. The influencing order of each factor on extraction rate of zingerone was determined to be: pressure>time>temperature. [Conclusion] The optimal extraction conditions of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid technology for extracting zingerone was obtained in this study, which provided basis for the further development and application of Zingiber officinale Rosc..
2011年01期 v.2 60-62页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 163K] -
[Objective] To optimize the supercritical CO2 fluid extraction process for aloe polysaccharide, so as to obtain high-quality aloe polysaccharide. [Method] The static and dynamic extraction duration were optimized by single factor test, and the extraction kettle conditions were optimized by orthogonal test. [Result] The optimum supercritical CO2 fluid extraction conditions were as following: 2.5 ml/g of ethanol amount, extraction pressure of 25 MPa and extraction temperature of 35 ℃. In addition, the optimal static and dynamic extraction duration were 60 and 30 min, individually. Under the optimal conditions, the yield of aloe polysaccharide reached as high as 85.10%. [Conclusion] Gentle in extraction conditions, the environment-friendly and energy-saving supercritical CO2 fluid extraction technology is favorable for extracting polysaccharide from aloe.
2011年01期 v.2 63-64页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 174K] [Objective] To optimize the inclusion process of volatile oil from Lavandula augustifolia Mill., and provide experimental basis for its further utilization. [Method] The utilization rate of volatile oil as indicator, the concentration and dosage of alcohol as investigated factors, and the inclusion process parameters were optimized by orthogonal design. [Result] The optimum inclusion conditions for L. augustifolia volatile oil were as follows: 85% alcohol as solvent, essential oil-alcohol ratio of 1∶25, β-CD concentration of 12%, essential oil-β-CD ratio of 1∶10, inclusion temperature of 55 ℃ and ultrasonic inclusion duration of 2.0 h. Under the optimal inclusion process, the utilization rate of L. augustifolia volatile oil reached as high as 87.63%. [Conclusion] The inclusion process obtained in this study was simple and efficiency, which provides experimental basis for the development of essential oil from Lavandula augustifolia Mill..
2011年01期 v.2 65-67页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 241K]